Motivational Theories and Factors Essay

harmonize to DuBrin, penury is an energizing pull that stimulates arousal, direction, and attention of behavior (2004, p. 121). It is the force inside the undivided and process which allows us to get others to regulate forth effort. There ar some motivational theories that croup be apply to instigate others (DuBrin, 2004). In the workplace, managers may accept to find instructions to motivate their employees. tether ways a manager king motivate their employees argon Setting goals, exploitation operant instruct to change behaviors, and victimization monetary incentives.These may all be used to motivate employees (DuBrin, 2004). Goals are what motivate us and others to strive to contact accomplishments any set by ourselves or others. Goals compose a self-dissatisfaction within us which gives us an incentive to reduce this dissatisfaction by achieving our goal. By setting goals, employees apprize change slaying and increase productivity (DuBrin, 2004). Another way to motivate employees is to use operant conditioning as used by B. F. Skinner.By providing rewards and punishments for behaviors, an employer net motivate employees to modify behaviors by providing consequences. An employee foot use an incentive for validating behaviors such as increasing gross r correctue and receiving a missionary station or promotion. For oppose behaviors such as not clash goals set, an employer might demote the employee or even take away commissions or the anticipate of a promotion (DuBrin, 2004). Monetary rewards can be used to motivate an employee to improve performance and production.By offering commission or a raise, an employee lead be motivated to achieve. By setting derive expectations, an employee can strive to attain or exceed expectations, knowing what they impart be eligible to receive the incentive. (DuBrin, 2004). I gestate that the three ways of motivating others, can also help me motivate myself. By setting private goals for myself , I can motivate myself to accomplish those goals. After achieving the pilot film goals, I entrust set high(prenominal) goals to challenge me. Monetary or acquaintance rewards will also motivate me to be more productive.When given a plectrum between being rewarded or penalize for behaviors, I will always repeal the negative behavior and opt for achieving rewards (DuBrin, 2004). roars forecast possible action and Maslows Hierarchy of Needs theory are two popular motivational theories. The Expectancy theory and Hierarchy of Needs theory take on connatural and contrasting ways of motivation. The Expectancy theory focuses on psycheal choices that an various(prenominal) must make when face with the possibility of working hard to achieve rewards and are affected by individual perceptions.Expectancy is how a person perceives the area probability that one thing will lead to another. How a persons perception of expectancy for effort will lead to performance and how performanc e will lead to reward probabilities (valance) increase, so does a persons motivation force increase. (Scholl, 2002). The Hierarchy of Needs theory is establish on satisfying our innate physiological needs first (food, shelter, water), then recourse (job security, earning an income), then moving up the pecking order play to satisfy our need for increase (love and belongingness needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization needs.Maslow states that until our basic needs are met first, we cannot move up the hierarchy ladder (Olson & Hergenhahn, 2011). The two theories are similar because they both fall in forces that drive our motivation. However, Maslow generalizes near our motivation whereas Vroom shows that the same throng are motivated by contrary things at polar judgment of convictions and that different people are motivated by different things at the same time (Motivation Types, 2009).Vroom does not attempt to develop a persons motivation like Maslow. Instead, he expl ains how people get in at decisions to achieve the end they value. both(prenominal) can be motivated by needs and self-esteem (Scholl, 2002). While financial incentives can be a honest motivational tool, it can also have drawbacks. By offering monetary, promotions, or employee benefits to employees, it can increase an employees performance and production. However, the drawbacks to this are a decrease in team upwork and in ingenuous rewards.If a person is working toward a goal to receive a monetary reward, he will most in all probability be less(prenominal) of a team player due to competition with coworkers. If monetary rewards go by income, a person who makes less will receive less monetary rewards than someone who receives a higher salary. An example of this is profit sharing (Ehow Money, 2012). sometimes it may be better to have monetary rewards given as a team effort or equitable financial rewards for the same job performance.